Lucy Worsley's Nights at the Opera

In the first episode, Lucy investigates four cities and four operas embedded in the cauldron of European politics between the 17th and 19th centuries. She visits Venice, where Claudio Monteverdi invented modern opera with The Coronation of Poppea, the first work which featured real historical characters that the audience could identify with. It is also one of the steamiest and sexiest operas ever written.

Then to Vienna, where Mozart's subversive masterpiece The Marriage of Figaro held a mirror up to a society where the Enlightenment was beginning to break down the old feudal order, and Beethoven wrote Fidelio, an opera that embraced the French Revolutionary radical ideals of liberty, equality and brotherhood. Finally, Lucy travels to Milan, where Verdi's Slaves' Chorus in his opera Nabucco captured the hopes and dreams of the Italian people as they moved towards independence and a united nation.

In this second programme, Lucy investigates four cities in France and Germany and four operas of a new kind that swept away conventions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They delved into the realities of people's lives and their deepest desires, especially those of women - for freedom, identity and sex. She visits Paris, where two operas captured the spirit of Bohemianism that swept the city - Bizet's Carmen, that showed the gritty realities of life for Paris's underclass and the upper classes' fear of them, and Puccini's classic opera La Boheme, about the lives and loves of a group of young people exploring the new personal and sexual freedoms available. Then to Bayreuth in Germany, where Wagner's monumental Ring Cycle set out create a 'total work of art' to that would tap into and transform German identity. Finally Lucy travels to Dresden, where Richard Strauss premiered Salome, a work that explored perverted female pleasure in a way that is still shocking even today.